ABSTRACT
Due to the pivotal role of stem cell differentiation in regeneration and disease cure, the study of it has always been a research highlight during the recent years. Stress microenvironment has a great impact on cell growth, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Twist1, as a core epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulatory factor, plays an important role in these processes. Moreover, Twist1 gene can express in alveolar bone – periodontal ligament interface and the expression can be regulated by changes in the occlusal force. In this article, we will present a review of Twist1 gene, especially in the aspect of the biological functions in stem cell differentiation under mechanical signals and explore whether Twist1 involved in tissue remodeling in alveolar bone - periodontal membrane interface under stress.
ABSTRACT
Integrins are mechanoreceptors and mediate mechanotransduction by transferring forces into focal adhesions. Osteoclastogenesis starts with adhesion to the bone matrix, leading to cytoskeleton reorganization that is important for osteoclast polarization and migration. However, there are several signaling pathways mediating this process, and integrins have been shown to be important signaling molecules participating osteoclastogenesis. Particularly, integrins have played an important role in both force transduction and osteoclastogenesis. This paper reviewed the findings on the relationship between integrins and reorganization of osteoclast cytoskeleton under orthodontic force.